The history of any country is, first of all, the history of the people living in it, the size and structure of its population, its economic and social characteristics. Accurate and complete population data is obtained from the population census. Based on the results of the census, it will be possible to think about the past and present, and predict the future. In many cases, the census serves as the only source of information on age, gender, ethnic composition, education level, marital status, employment and other characteristics. A population census is a large-scale national event that provides a “snapshot” of a country’s population at a specific point in time and is a reliable source of information about the population.
When did the census start?
The first population censuses were conducted in Ancient Greece, Babylon, Mesopotamia, Rome, China, Japan and Egypt. However, the purpose of these censuses was to collect taxes from the population, that is, to collect duties, and to determine the population for military purposes. Therefore, it is mainly men who are registered in these censuses. Because at that time the economic status of men was high, and only men, that is, heads of families, participated in paying taxes.
The first official census was conducted in 1790 in the United States, then in 1800 in Sweden and Finland, and in 1801 in England, Denmark, Norway and France. However, these population lists are very simple and designed to last for a long time. For example, the first US Census took 18 months.
By the 19th century, the census was greatly expanded. Statistical organizations have been established in a number of European countries. The population census was carried out on the basis of scientific programs. In particular, population censuses were carried out in 1870-1879. in 48 countries of the world, and in 1890 - in 57 countries. At the end of the 19th century, 21% of the world's population was recorded, and at the beginning of the 20th century, 54% of the population was recorded.
After World War II, the census system was improved. In 1945-1954 - in 151 countries, in 1965-1974 - in 179 countries, population censuses were conducted. Currently, population censuses are conducted in almost all countries of the world.
When studying the state of demographic processes in our republic, data from the population census conducted on the territory of the country are of great importance. According to sources, the first population census in Uzbekistan was conducted in 1897 and the data from this census included the number of families in Uzbekistan at the end of the 19th century, population size, age and gender, ethnic composition, births helped create an idea of demographic processes such as birth and death. Population censuses were conducted in Uzbekistan in 1926, 1939, 1959, 1970, 1979 and 1989.
As of October 1, 2023, the population of our republic was 36,599.8 thousand people.
The main purpose of the population census is to develop forecasts for the socio-economic development of the country and calculate demographic indicators. and obtaining reliable and objective information on population size for forecasting, studying the placement and use of labor resources, and conducting scientific research.
The main objectives of the population census are:
- expansion of the database for assessing changes in the demographic situation of the population in order to develop measures to improve the health of the population, improve the living conditions of women and children, and provide support to families;
- socio-economic development of cities and other settlements, placement of labor resources and their use in the long and medium term.
and preparation of short-term forecasts and programs;
- carrying out current accounting, calculations and forecasts of the number and composition of the population during the census period;
- the most important issue in the process of scientific training, issues of socio-economic development, propaganda work among the population on active participation in the population census, advertising videos, logo.
Slogans and other similar activities are being developed.
The main purpose of the census is to obtain reliable and unbiased information about the state of the population and the dynamics of development in the Republic of Uzbekistan, which is necessary to establish and implement the priorities of state policy in the field of social and economic and socio— political development of the country.
The main tasks of the census
expanding the database on assessing changes in the structure of the population, the country's demographic situation in order to strengthen the health of the population, improve the living conditions of women and children, develop measures to provide assistance to families;
long, medium and short-term forecasts of socio-economic development of cities and other settlements, the placement of labor resources and their use, and program preparation.
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